Components of ES-2

(a) Inference engine : The inference engine is the portion of the expert system that performs reasoning by using the contents of the knowledge base in a particular sequence. During the consultation, the inference engine examines the rules of the knowledge base one at a time, and when a rule’s condition is true, specified action is taken. In expert system terminology, the rule is fired when the action is taken.

Two main methods have been devised for the inference engine to use in examining the rules: forward reasoning and reverse reasoning.

In forward reasoning, also known as forward chaining, the rules are examined one after another in a certain order. The order might be the sequence in which the rules are entered into the rule set, or it might be some other sequence specified by the user. As each rule is examined, the expert system attempts to evaluate whether the condition is true or false.

In reverse reasoning, is faster than forward reasoning because it does not have to consider all the rules and does not make multiple passes through the rule set. Reverse reasoning is appropriate when

· There are multiple goal variables
· There are many rulesAll or most of the rules do not have to be examined in the process of reaching a solution.

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